Y mae Erthygl 38 Cytundeb y Cenhedloedd Unedig ar Hawliau’r Plentyn yn ymwneud â hawliau’r plentyn yn gysylltiedig â gwrthdaro arfog:

Ni ddylai llywodraethau adael i blant dan bymtheg oed ymuno â’r fyddin. Dylai plant mewn parthau rhyfel gael gwarchodaeth arbennig. *

* Y mae’r testun hwn yn dod o fersiwn gryno o’r Cytundeb yn unig. Nid yw testun llawn y Cytundeb wedi’i gyfieithu i’r Gymraeg. Fodd bynnag, y mae cyfieithiad Saesneg yr erthygl hon fel a ganlyn: 

"1. States Parties undertake to respect and to ensure respect for rules of international humanitarian law applicable to them in armed conflicts which are relevant to the child.

2. States Parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure that persons who have not attained the age of fifteen years do not take a direct part in hostilities.

3. States Parties shall refrain from recruiting any person who has not attained the age of fifteen years into their armed forces. In recruiting among those persons who have attained the age of fifteen years but who have not attained the age of eighteen years, States Parties shall endeavour to give priority to those who are oldest.

4. In accordance with their obligations under international humanitarian law to protect the civilian population in armed conflicts, States Parties shall take all feasible measures to ensure protection and care of children who are affected by an armed conflict."